____ _ _ _ _
| _ \ ___ | |_ (_) _ __ ___ __| | (_) __ _
| |_) | / _ \ | __| | | | '_ \ / _ \ / _| | | | / _ |
| _ < | __/ | |_ | | | |_) | | __/ | (_| | | | | (_| |
|_| \_\ \___| \__| |_| | .__/ \___| \__,_| |_| \__,_|
|_|
- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b- `b
Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―Β―
Trans-activating crRNA
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
top
Trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA) ist eine RNA, die in Bakterien als Bestandteil des antiviralen adaptiven Immunsystems CRISPR vorkommt und zur CRISPR/Cas-Methode, CRISPRi und CRISPRa verwendet wird.
Contents
β’ Eigenschaften
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Eigenschaften
Die tracrRNA wird trans codiert. Sie wurde erstmals 2011 bei Streptococcus pyogenes beschrieben.cite-ref-1[1] Die tracrRNA bindet per Basenpaarung an die crRNA und ist Bestandteil des Ribonukleoproteinkomplexes der meisten Cas-Proteine (beispielsweise Cas9, Cas12b). Der RNA-Doppelstrang aus crRNA und tracrRNA wird ΓΌber einen Schnitt durch die RNase III in die aktive Form ΓΌberfΓΌhrt und dient dem CRISPR/Cas als Adapter zur Bindung der zu schneidenden Ziel-DNA.cite-ref-2[2]cite-ref-3[3]cite-ref-4[4] Zur Vereinfachung der Verwendung in einer CRISPR-basierten Methode wie die CRISPR/Cas-Methode, CRISPRi und CRISPRa wird meistens anstatt der beiden RNA (tracrRNA und crRNA) eine sgRNA verwendet.
tracrRNA-Sequenzen
| Typ | Sequenz |
|---|---|
| Streptococcus pyogenes tracrRNA ( Cas9 ) | 5'-GUUGGAACCAUUCAAAACAGCAUAGCAAGUUAAAAUAAGGCUAGUCCGUUAUCAACUUGAAAAAGUGGCACCGAGUCGGUGCUUUUU-3' [ 5 ] |
| Streptococcus pyogenes tracrDNA ( Cas9 ) | 5'-GTTGGAACCATTCAAAACAGCATAGCAAGTTAAAATAAGGCTAGTCCGTTATCAACTTGAAAAAGTGGCACCGAGTCGGTGCTTTTT-3' [ 6 ] |
| Staphylococcus aureus tracrRNA ( Cas9 ) | 5'-AUUGUACUUAUACCUAAAAUUACAGAAUCUACUAAAACAAGGCAAAAUGCCGUGUUUAUCUCGUCAACUUGUUGGCGAGAUUUUU-3' [ 5 ] |
| Staphylococcus aureus tracrDNA ( Cas9 ) | 5'-ATTGTACTTATACCTAAAATTACAGAATCTACTAAAACAAGGCAAAATGCCGTGTTTATCTCGTCAACTTGTTGGCGAGATTTTT-3' |
| Streptococcus thermophilus tracrRNA | 5'-CUUACACAGUUACUUAAAUCUUGCAGAAGCUACAAAGAUAAGGCUUCAUGCCGAAAUCAACACCCUGUCAUUUUAUGGCAGGGUGUUUU-3' [ 5 ] |
| Streptococcus thermophilus tracrDNA | 5'-CTTACACAGTTACTTAAATCTTGCAGAAGCTACAAAGATAAGGCTTCATGCCGAAATCAACACCCTGTCATTTTATGGCAGGGTGTTTT-3' |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae tracrRNA | 5'-AGUCACUAACUUAAUUAAAUAGAACUGAACCUCAGUAAGCAUUGGCUCGUUUCCAAUGUUGAUUGCUCCGCCGGUGCUCCUUAUUUUUAAGGGCGCCGGCUUUCUU-3' [ 5 ] |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae tracrDNA | 5'-AGTCACTAACTTAATTAAATAGAACTGAACCTCAGTAAGCATTGGCTCGTTTCCAATGTTGATTGCTCCGCCGGTGCTCCTTATTTTTAAGGGCGCCGGCTTTCTT-3' |
| Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris tracrRNA ( Cas12b ) | 5'-GUCUAGAGGACAGAAUUUUUCAACGGGUGUGCCAAUGGCCACUUUCCAGGUGGCAAAGCCCGUUGAGCUUCUCAAAAAA-3' [ 7 ] |
| Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris tracrDNA ( Cas12b ) | 5'-GTCTAGAGGACAGAATTTTTCAACGGGTGTGCCAATGGCCACTTTCCAGGTGGCAAAGCCCGTTGAGCTTCTCAAAAAA-3' |
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-11. β E. Deltcheva, K. Chylinski, C. M. Sharma, K. Gonzales, Y. Chao, Z. A. Pirzada, M. R. Eckert, J. Vogel, E. Charpentier: CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III. In: Nature. Band 471, Nummer 7340, MΓ€rz 2011, S. 602β607, doi:10.1038/nature09886, PMID 21455174, PMC 3070239 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-22. β M. Jinek, K. Chylinski, I. Fonfara, M. Hauer, J. A. Doudna, E. Charpentier: A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity. In: Science. Band 337, Nummer 6096, August 2012, S. 816β821, doi:10.1126/science.1225829, PMID 22745249, PMC 6286148 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-33. β S. Shen, T. J. Loh, H. Shen, X. Zheng, H. Shen: CRISPR as a strong gene editing tool. In: BMB reports. Band 50, Nummer 1, Januar 2017, S. 20β24, PMID 27616359, PMC 5319660 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-ran-51. F. A. Ran, L. Cong, W. X. Yan, D. A. Scott, J. S. Gootenberg, A. J. Kriz, B. Zetsche, O. Shalem, X. Wu, K. S. Makarova, E. V. Koonin, P. A. Sharp, F. Zhang: In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9. In: Nature. Band 520, Nummer 7546, April 2015, S. 186β191, doi:10.1038/nature14299, PMID 25830891, PMC 4393360 (freier Volltext).
cite-note-wo2017222834-62. Patent WO2017222834A1: Compositions and methods for mitochondrial genome editing. Angemeldet am 9. Juni 2017, verΓΆffentlicht am 28. Dezember 2017, Anmelder: Hope City, Univ. California, Erfinder: John Burnett, Anh Pham.β
cite-note-shmakov-73. S. Shmakov, O. O. Abudayyeh, K. S. Makarova, Y. I. Wolf, J. S. Gootenberg, E. Semenova, L. Minakhin, J. Joung, S. Konermann, K. Severinov, F. Zhang, E. V. Koonin: Discovery and Functional Characterization of Diverse Class 2 CRISPR-Cas Systems. In: Molecular cell. Band 60, Nummer 3, November 2015, S. 385β397, doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2015.10.008, PMID 26593719, PMC 4660269 (freier Volltext).